diff --git a/changelog/upgrade-notes.md b/changelog/upgrade-notes.md
index 7740f1e13d..25ed045ef9 100644
--- a/changelog/upgrade-notes.md
+++ b/changelog/upgrade-notes.md
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ If you were previously using `Vector` layers with `renderMode: 'image'`, you hav
 
 ##### New declutter behavior
 
-If a map has more than one layer with `declutter` set to true, decluttering now considers all layers instead of decluttering each layer separately. The higher the z-index of the layer, the higher the priority of decluttered items.
+If a map has more than one layer with `declutter` set to true, decluttering now considers all `Vector` and `VectorTile` instead of decluttering each layer separately. Only `VectorImage` layers continue to be decluttered separately. The higher the z-index of the layer, the higher the priority of decluttered items.
 
 Within a layer, the declutter order has changed. Previously, styles with a lower `zIndex` were prioritized over those with a higher `zIndex`. Now the opposite order is used.
 
diff --git a/rendering/cases/layer-vectorimage-decluttering/expected.png b/rendering/cases/layer-vectorimage-decluttering/expected.png
index 7b907f8ba8..5ccebf610e 100644
Binary files a/rendering/cases/layer-vectorimage-decluttering/expected.png and b/rendering/cases/layer-vectorimage-decluttering/expected.png differ
diff --git a/rendering/cases/layer-vectorimage-decluttering/main.js b/rendering/cases/layer-vectorimage-decluttering/main.js
index 43d45ff972..1a6d6c16ca 100644
--- a/rendering/cases/layer-vectorimage-decluttering/main.js
+++ b/rendering/cases/layer-vectorimage-decluttering/main.js
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ layer2.setStyle(function(feature) {
     zIndex: feature.get('zIndex'),
     text: new Text({
       text: feature.get('text'),
-      font: 'italic bold 16px Ubuntu'
+      font: 'italic bold 18px Ubuntu'
     })
   });
 });
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ layer3.setStyle(function(feature) {
     }),
     text: new Text({
       text: feature.get('text'),
-      font: 'italic bold 16px Ubuntu',
+      font: 'italic bold 18px Ubuntu',
       textBaseline: 'bottom',
       offsetY: -12
     })
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ line.setStyle(new Style({
   text: new Text({
     placement: 'line',
     text: 'east-west',
-    font: 'italic bold 16px Ubuntu',
+    font: 'italic bold 18px Ubuntu',
     overflow: true
   })
 }));
diff --git a/src/ol/layer/BaseVector.js b/src/ol/layer/BaseVector.js
index 6974eeddf1..b612b5f762 100644
--- a/src/ol/layer/BaseVector.js
+++ b/src/ol/layer/BaseVector.js
@@ -32,9 +32,10 @@ import {createDefaultStyle, toFunction as toStyleFunction} from '../style/Style.
  * temporary layers. The standard way to add a layer to a map and have it managed by the map is to
  * use {@link module:ol/Map#addLayer}.
  * @property {boolean} [declutter=false] Declutter images and text. Decluttering is applied to all
- * image and text styles of all layers that have set this to `true`. The priority is defined by the z-index
- * of the layer, the `zIndex` of the style and the render order of features. Higher z-index means higher
- * priority. Within the same z-index, a feature rendered before another has higher priority.
+ * image and text styles of all Vector and VectorTile layers that have set this to `true`. The priority
+ * is defined by the z-index of the layer, the `zIndex` of the style and the render order of features.
+ * Higher z-index means higher priority. Within the same z-index, a feature rendered before another has
+ * higher priority.
  * @property {import("../style/Style.js").StyleLike} [style] Layer style. See
  * {@link module:ol/style} for default style which will be used if this is not defined.
  * @property {boolean} [updateWhileAnimating=false] When set to `true`, feature batches will
diff --git a/src/ol/layer/VectorImage.js b/src/ol/layer/VectorImage.js
index 9775ae251e..1b948ce832 100644
--- a/src/ol/layer/VectorImage.js
+++ b/src/ol/layer/VectorImage.js
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ import CanvasVectorImageLayerRenderer from '../renderer/canvas/VectorImageLayer.
  * this layer in its layers collection, and the layer will be rendered on top. This is useful for
  * temporary layers. The standard way to add a layer to a map and have it managed by the map is to
  * use {@link module:ol/Map#addLayer}.
- * @property {boolean} [declutter=false] Declutter images and text. Decluttering is applied to all
- * image and text styles, and the priority is defined by the z-index of the style. Lower z-index
- * means higher priority.
+ * @property {boolean} [declutter=false] Declutter images and text on this layer. The priority is defined
+ * by the `zIndex` of the style and the render order of features. Higher z-index means higher priority.
+ * Within the same z-index, a feature rendered before another has higher priority.
  * @property {import("../style/Style.js").StyleLike} [style] Layer style. See
  * {@link module:ol/style} for default style which will be used if this is not defined.
  * @property {boolean} [updateWhileAnimating=false] When set to `true`, feature batches will
diff --git a/src/ol/layer/VectorTile.js b/src/ol/layer/VectorTile.js
index e53dd9741a..067ba0d8e1 100644
--- a/src/ol/layer/VectorTile.js
+++ b/src/ol/layer/VectorTile.js
@@ -46,9 +46,10 @@ import {assign} from '../obj.js';
  * temporary layers. The standard way to add a layer to a map and have it managed by the map is to
  * use {@link module:ol/Map#addLayer}.
  * @property {boolean} [declutter=false] Declutter images and text. Decluttering is applied to all
- * image and text styles of all layers that have set this to `true`. The priority is defined by the z-index
- * of the layer, the `zIndex` of the style and the render order of features. Higher z-index means higher
- * priority. Within the same z-index, a feature rendered before another has higher priority.
+ * image and text styles of all Vector and VectorTile layers that have set this to `true`. The priority
+ * is defined by the z-index of the layer, the `zIndex` of the style and the render order of features.
+ * Higher z-index means higher priority. Within the same z-index, a feature rendered before another has
+ * higher priority.
  * @property {import("../style/Style.js").StyleLike} [style] Layer style. See
  * {@link module:ol/style} for default style which will be used if this is not defined.
  * @property {boolean} [updateWhileAnimating=false] When set to `true`, feature batches will be
diff --git a/src/ol/render.js b/src/ol/render.js
index 330e5aafa6..0b0beb371a 100644
--- a/src/ol/render.js
+++ b/src/ol/render.js
@@ -110,3 +110,18 @@ export function getRenderPixel(event, pixel) {
   applyTransform(event.inversePixelTransform.slice(), result);
   return result;
 }
+
+export function renderDeclutterItems(frameState, declutterTree) {
+  if (declutterTree) {
+    declutterTree.clear();
+  }
+  const items = frameState.declutterItems;
+  for (let z = items.length - 1; z >= 0; --z) {
+    const zIndexItems = items[z];
+    for (let i = 0, ii = zIndexItems.length; i < ii; i += 3) {
+      declutterTree = zIndexItems[i].renderDeclutter(zIndexItems[i + 1], zIndexItems[i + 2], declutterTree);
+    }
+  }
+  items.length = 0;
+  return declutterTree;
+}
diff --git a/src/ol/renderer/Map.js b/src/ol/renderer/Map.js
index 488698d081..9955be7a51 100644
--- a/src/ol/renderer/Map.js
+++ b/src/ol/renderer/Map.js
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {TRUE} from '../functions.js';
 import {visibleAtResolution} from '../layer/Layer.js';
 import {shared as iconImageCache} from '../style/IconImageCache.js';
 import {compose as composeTransform, makeInverse} from '../transform.js';
+import {renderDeclutterItems} from '../render.js';
 
 /**
  * @abstract
@@ -266,17 +267,7 @@ class MapRenderer extends Disposable {
    * @param {?import("../PluggableMap.js").FrameState} frameState Frame state.
    */
   renderFrame(frameState) {
-    if (this.declutterTree_) {
-      this.declutterTree_.clear();
-    }
-    const items = frameState.declutterItems;
-    for (let z = items.length - 1; z >= 0; --z) {
-      const zIndexItems = items[z];
-      for (let i = 0, ii = zIndexItems.length; i < ii; i += 3) {
-        this.declutterTree_ = zIndexItems[i].renderDeclutter(zIndexItems[i + 1], zIndexItems[i + 2], this.declutterTree_);
-      }
-    }
-    items.length = 0;
+    this.declutterTree_ = renderDeclutterItems(frameState, this.declutterTree_);
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/src/ol/renderer/canvas/VectorImageLayer.js b/src/ol/renderer/canvas/VectorImageLayer.js
index c92c36885e..8d7e7b20b3 100644
--- a/src/ol/renderer/canvas/VectorImageLayer.js
+++ b/src/ol/renderer/canvas/VectorImageLayer.js
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import CanvasVectorLayerRenderer from './VectorLayer.js';
 import {listen} from '../../events.js';
 import EventType from '../../events/EventType.js';
 import ImageState from '../../ImageState.js';
+import {renderDeclutterItems} from '../../render.js';
 
 /**
  * @classdesc
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ class CanvasVectorImageLayerRenderer extends CanvasImageLayerRenderer {
       let skippedFeatures = this.skippedFeatures_;
       const context = vectorRenderer.context;
       const imageFrameState = /** @type {import("../../PluggableMap.js").FrameState} */ (assign({}, frameState, {
+        declutterItems: [],
         size: [
           getWidth(renderedExtent) / viewResolution,
           getHeight(renderedExtent) / viewResolution
@@ -86,6 +88,7 @@ class CanvasVectorImageLayerRenderer extends CanvasImageLayerRenderer {
               (vectorRenderer.replayGroupChanged ||
               !equals(skippedFeatures, newSkippedFeatures))) {
           vectorRenderer.renderFrame(imageFrameState, layerState);
+          renderDeclutterItems(imageFrameState, null);
           skippedFeatures = newSkippedFeatures;
           callback();
         }