diff --git a/src/ol/PluggableMap.js b/src/ol/PluggableMap.js
index 81c38e070d..bc75777755 100644
--- a/src/ol/PluggableMap.js
+++ b/src/ol/PluggableMap.js
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ import BaseObject from './Object.js';
 import Collection from './Collection.js';
 import CollectionEventType from './CollectionEventType.js';
 import EventType from './events/EventType.js';
-import LayerGroup from './layer/Group.js';
+import Layer from './layer/Layer.js';
+import LayerGroup, {GroupEvent} from './layer/Group.js';
 import MapBrowserEvent from './MapBrowserEvent.js';
 import MapBrowserEventHandler from './MapBrowserEventHandler.js';
 import MapBrowserEventType from './MapBrowserEventType.js';
@@ -143,6 +144,36 @@ import {removeNode} from './dom.js';
  * {@link module:ol/Map~Map#setView}.
  */
 
+/**
+ * @param {import("./layer/Base.js").default} layer Layer.
+ */
+function removeLayerMapProperty(layer) {
+  if (layer instanceof Layer) {
+    layer.setMapInternal(null);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (layer instanceof LayerGroup) {
+    layer.getLayers().forEach(removeLayerMapProperty);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {import("./layer/Base.js").default} layer Layer.
+ * @param {PluggableMap} map Map.
+ */
+function setLayerMapProperty(layer, map) {
+  if (layer instanceof Layer) {
+    layer.setMapInternal(map);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (layer instanceof LayerGroup) {
+    const layers = layer.getLayers().getArray();
+    for (let i = 0, ii = layers.length; i < ii; ++i) {
+      setLayerMapProperty(layers[i], map);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * @fires import("./MapBrowserEvent.js").MapBrowserEvent
  * @fires import("./MapEvent.js").MapEvent
@@ -524,6 +555,14 @@ class PluggableMap extends BaseObject {
     layers.push(layer);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @param {import("./layer/Group.js").GroupEvent} event The layer add event.
+   * @private
+   */
+  handleLayerAdd_(event) {
+    setLayerMapProperty(event.layer, this);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Add the given overlay to the map.
    * @param {import("./Overlay.js").default} overlay Overlay.
@@ -1287,9 +1326,12 @@ class PluggableMap extends BaseObject {
     }
     const layerGroup = this.getLayerGroup();
     if (layerGroup) {
+      this.handleLayerAdd_(new GroupEvent('addlayer', layerGroup));
       this.layerGroupPropertyListenerKeys_ = [
         listen(layerGroup, ObjectEventType.PROPERTYCHANGE, this.render, this),
         listen(layerGroup, EventType.CHANGE, this.render, this),
+        listen(layerGroup, 'addlayer', this.handleLayerAdd_, this),
+        listen(layerGroup, 'removelayer', this.handleLayerRemove_, this),
       ];
     }
     this.render();
@@ -1370,6 +1412,14 @@ class PluggableMap extends BaseObject {
     return layers.remove(layer);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @param {import("./layer/Group.js").GroupEvent} event The layer remove event.
+   * @private
+   */
+  handleLayerRemove_(event) {
+    removeLayerMapProperty(event.layer);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Remove the given overlay from the map.
    * @param {import("./Overlay.js").default} overlay Overlay.
@@ -1490,6 +1540,10 @@ class PluggableMap extends BaseObject {
    * @api
    */
   setLayerGroup(layerGroup) {
+    const oldLayerGroup = this.getLayerGroup();
+    if (oldLayerGroup) {
+      this.handleLayerRemove_(new GroupEvent('removelayer', oldLayerGroup));
+    }
     this.set(MapProperty.LAYERGROUP, layerGroup);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/ol/layer/Group.js b/src/ol/layer/Group.js
index 7bdc2674f0..e2be915586 100644
--- a/src/ol/layer/Group.js
+++ b/src/ol/layer/Group.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 import BaseLayer from './Base.js';
 import Collection from '../Collection.js';
 import CollectionEventType from '../CollectionEventType.js';
+import Event from '../events/Event.js';
 import EventType from '../events/EventType.js';
 import ObjectEventType from '../ObjectEventType.js';
 import SourceState from '../source/State.js';
@@ -13,6 +14,33 @@ import {getIntersection} from '../extent.js';
 import {getUid} from '../util.js';
 import {listen, unlistenByKey} from '../events.js';
 
+/**
+ * @typedef {'addlayer'|'removelayer'} EventType
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @classdesc
+ * A layer group triggers 'addlayer' and 'removelayer' events when layers are added to or removed from
+ * the group or one of its child groups.  When a layer group is added to or removed from another layer group,
+ * a single event will be triggered (instead of one per layer in the group added or removed).
+ */
+export class GroupEvent extends Event {
+  /**
+   * @param {EventType} type The event type.
+   * @param {BaseLayer} layer The layer.
+   */
+  constructor(type, layer) {
+    super(type);
+
+    /**
+     * The added or removed layer.
+     * @type {BaseLayer}
+     * @api
+     */
+    this.layer = layer;
+  }
+}
+
 /***
  * @template Return
  * @typedef {import("../Observable").OnSignature<import("../Observable").EventTypes, import("../events/Event.js").default, Return> &
@@ -142,18 +170,48 @@ class LayerGroup extends BaseLayer {
     const layersArray = layers.getArray();
     for (let i = 0, ii = layersArray.length; i < ii; i++) {
       const layer = layersArray[i];
-      this.listenerKeys_[getUid(layer)] = [
-        listen(
-          layer,
-          ObjectEventType.PROPERTYCHANGE,
-          this.handleLayerChange_,
-          this
-        ),
-        listen(layer, EventType.CHANGE, this.handleLayerChange_, this),
-      ];
+      this.registerLayerListeners_(layer);
+      this.dispatchEvent(new GroupEvent('addlayer', layer));
+    }
+    this.changed();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @param {BaseLayer} layer The layer.
+   */
+  registerLayerListeners_(layer) {
+    const listenerKeys = [
+      listen(
+        layer,
+        ObjectEventType.PROPERTYCHANGE,
+        this.handleLayerChange_,
+        this
+      ),
+      listen(layer, EventType.CHANGE, this.handleLayerChange_, this),
+    ];
+
+    if (layer instanceof LayerGroup) {
+      listenerKeys.push(
+        listen(layer, 'addlayer', this.handleLayerGroupAdd_, this),
+        listen(layer, 'removelayer', this.handleLayerGroupRemove_, this)
+      );
     }
 
-    this.changed();
+    this.listenerKeys_[getUid(layer)] = listenerKeys;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @param {GroupEvent} event The layer group event.
+   */
+  handleLayerGroupAdd_(event) {
+    this.dispatchEvent(new GroupEvent('addlayer', event.layer));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @param {GroupEvent} event The layer group event.
+   */
+  handleLayerGroupRemove_(event) {
+    this.dispatchEvent(new GroupEvent('removelayer', event.layer));
   }
 
   /**
@@ -164,15 +222,8 @@ class LayerGroup extends BaseLayer {
     const layer = /** @type {import("./Base.js").default} */ (
       collectionEvent.element
     );
-    this.listenerKeys_[getUid(layer)] = [
-      listen(
-        layer,
-        ObjectEventType.PROPERTYCHANGE,
-        this.handleLayerChange_,
-        this
-      ),
-      listen(layer, EventType.CHANGE, this.handleLayerChange_, this),
-    ];
+    this.registerLayerListeners_(layer);
+    this.dispatchEvent(new GroupEvent('addlayer', layer));
     this.changed();
   }
 
@@ -187,6 +238,7 @@ class LayerGroup extends BaseLayer {
     const key = getUid(layer);
     this.listenerKeys_[key].forEach(unlistenByKey);
     delete this.listenerKeys_[key];
+    this.dispatchEvent(new GroupEvent('removelayer', layer));
     this.changed();
   }
 
@@ -213,6 +265,14 @@ class LayerGroup extends BaseLayer {
    * @api
    */
   setLayers(layers) {
+    const collection = this.getLayers();
+    if (collection) {
+      const currentLayers = collection.getArray();
+      for (let i = 0, ii = currentLayers.length; i < ii; ++i) {
+        this.dispatchEvent(new GroupEvent('removelayer', currentLayers[i]));
+      }
+    }
+
     this.set(Property.LAYERS, layers);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/ol/layer/Layer.js b/src/ol/layer/Layer.js
index 31e442e82b..8c9d75fe6e 100644
--- a/src/ol/layer/Layer.js
+++ b/src/ol/layer/Layer.js
@@ -258,6 +258,22 @@ class Layer extends BaseLayer {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * For use inside the library only.
+   * @param {import("../PluggableMap.js").default} map Map.
+   */
+  setMapInternal(map) {
+    this.set(LayerProperty.MAP, map);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * For use inside the library only.
+   * @return {import("../PluggableMap.js").default} Map.
+   */
+  getMapInternal() {
+    return this.get(LayerProperty.MAP);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Sets the layer to be rendered on top of other layers on a map. The map will
    * not manage this layer in its layers collection, and the callback in
diff --git a/src/ol/layer/Property.js b/src/ol/layer/Property.js
index 2e165eb921..ae1d81be9f 100644
--- a/src/ol/layer/Property.js
+++ b/src/ol/layer/Property.js
@@ -15,4 +15,5 @@ export default {
   MAX_ZOOM: 'maxZoom',
   MIN_ZOOM: 'minZoom',
   SOURCE: 'source',
+  MAP: 'map',
 };
diff --git a/test/browser/spec/ol/Map.test.js b/test/browser/spec/ol/Map.test.js
index 5c436503e4..04c3595a3b 100644
--- a/test/browser/spec/ol/Map.test.js
+++ b/test/browser/spec/ol/Map.test.js
@@ -8,12 +8,15 @@ import ImageLayer from '../../../../src/ol/layer/Image.js';
 import ImageState from '../../../../src/ol/ImageState.js';
 import ImageStatic from '../../../../src/ol/source/ImageStatic.js';
 import Interaction from '../../../../src/ol/interaction/Interaction.js';
+import Layer from '../../../../src/ol/layer/Layer.js';
+import LayerGroup from '../../../../src/ol/layer/Group.js';
 import Map from '../../../../src/ol/Map.js';
 import MapBrowserEvent from '../../../../src/ol/MapBrowserEvent.js';
 import MapEvent from '../../../../src/ol/MapEvent.js';
 import MouseWheelZoom from '../../../../src/ol/interaction/MouseWheelZoom.js';
 import Overlay from '../../../../src/ol/Overlay.js';
 import PinchZoom from '../../../../src/ol/interaction/PinchZoom.js';
+import Property from '../../../../src/ol/layer/Property.js';
 import Select from '../../../../src/ol/interaction/Select.js';
 import TileLayer from '../../../../src/ol/layer/Tile.js';
 import TileLayerRenderer from '../../../../src/ol/renderer/canvas/TileLayer.js';
@@ -166,6 +169,7 @@ describe('ol/Map', function () {
       map.addLayer(layer);
 
       expect(map.getLayers().item(0)).to.be(layer);
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
     });
 
     it('throws if a layer is added twice', function () {
@@ -180,6 +184,55 @@ describe('ol/Map', function () {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('#removeLayer()', function () {
+    it('removes a layer from the map', function () {
+      const map = new Map({});
+      const layer = new TileLayer();
+      map.addLayer(layer);
+
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+      map.removeLayer(layer);
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(null);
+    });
+
+    it('removes a layer group from the map', function () {
+      const map = new Map({});
+      const layer = new TileLayer();
+      const group = new LayerGroup({layers: [layer]});
+      map.addLayer(group);
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+
+      map.removeLayer(group);
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(null);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('#setLayerGroup()', function () {
+    it('sets the layer group', function () {
+      const map = new Map({});
+
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const group = new LayerGroup({layers: [layer]});
+      map.setLayerGroup(group);
+
+      expect(map.getLayerGroup()).to.be(group);
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+    });
+
+    it('removes the map property from old layers', function () {
+      const oldLayer = new Layer({});
+      const map = new Map({layers: [oldLayer]});
+      expect(oldLayer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const group = new LayerGroup({layers: [layer]});
+      map.setLayerGroup(group);
+
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+      expect(oldLayer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(null);
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('#setLayers()', function () {
     it('adds an array of layers to the map', function () {
       const map = new Map({});
@@ -192,12 +245,21 @@ describe('ol/Map', function () {
       expect(collection.getLength()).to.be(2);
       expect(collection.item(0)).to.be(layer0);
       expect(collection.item(1)).to.be(layer1);
+      expect(layer0.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+      expect(layer1.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
     });
 
     it('clears any existing layers', function () {
-      const map = new Map({layers: [new TileLayer()]});
+      const oldLayer = new TileLayer();
+      const map = new Map({layers: [oldLayer]});
+      expect(oldLayer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
 
-      map.setLayers([new TileLayer(), new TileLayer()]);
+      const newLayer1 = new TileLayer();
+      const newLayer2 = new TileLayer();
+      map.setLayers([newLayer1, newLayer2]);
+      expect(newLayer1.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+      expect(newLayer2.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+      expect(oldLayer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(null);
 
       expect(map.getLayers().getLength()).to.be(2);
     });
diff --git a/test/browser/spec/ol/layer/group.test.js b/test/browser/spec/ol/layer/Group.test.js
similarity index 78%
rename from test/browser/spec/ol/layer/group.test.js
rename to test/browser/spec/ol/layer/Group.test.js
index a60788fb5c..c02a0fbff2 100644
--- a/test/browser/spec/ol/layer/group.test.js
+++ b/test/browser/spec/ol/layer/Group.test.js
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import {assign} from '../../../../../src/ol/obj.js';
 import {getIntersection} from '../../../../../src/ol/extent.js';
 import {getUid} from '../../../../../src/ol/util.js';
 
-describe('ol.layer.Group', function () {
+describe('ol/layer/Group', function () {
   function disposeHierarchy(layer) {
     if (layer instanceof LayerGroup) {
       layer.getLayers().forEach((l) => disposeHierarchy(l));
@@ -219,6 +219,160 @@ describe('ol.layer.Group', function () {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('addlayer event', () => {
+    it('is dispatched when a layer is added', (done) => {
+      const group = new LayerGroup();
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      group.on('addlayer', (event) => {
+        expect(event.layer).to.be(layer);
+        done();
+      });
+
+      group.getLayers().push(layer);
+    });
+
+    it('is dispatched once for each layer added', (done) => {
+      const group = new LayerGroup();
+      const layers = [new Layer({}), new Layer({}), new Layer({})];
+
+      let count = 0;
+      group.on('addlayer', (event) => {
+        expect(event.layer).to.be(layers[count]);
+        count++;
+        if (count === layers.length) {
+          done();
+        }
+      });
+
+      group.getLayers().extend(layers);
+    });
+
+    it('is dispatched when setLayers is called', (done) => {
+      const group = new LayerGroup();
+
+      const layers = [new Layer({}), new Layer({}), new Layer({})];
+
+      let count = 0;
+      group.on('addlayer', (event) => {
+        expect(event.layer).to.be(layers[count]);
+        count++;
+        if (count === layers.length) {
+          done();
+        }
+      });
+
+      group.setLayers(new Collection(layers));
+    });
+
+    it('is dispatched when a layer group is added', (done) => {
+      const group = new LayerGroup();
+      const layer = new LayerGroup();
+      group.on('addlayer', (event) => {
+        expect(event.layer).to.be(layer);
+        done();
+      });
+
+      group.getLayers().push(layer);
+    });
+
+    it('is dispatched for each layer added to a child group', (done) => {
+      const group = new LayerGroup();
+      const child = new LayerGroup();
+      group.getLayers().push(child);
+
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      group.on('addlayer', (event) => {
+        expect(event.layer).to.be(layer);
+        done();
+      });
+
+      child.getLayers().push(layer);
+    });
+
+    it('is dispatched for each layer added to a child group configured at construction', (done) => {
+      const child = new LayerGroup();
+      const group = new LayerGroup({
+        layers: [child],
+      });
+
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      group.on('addlayer', (event) => {
+        expect(event.layer).to.be(layer);
+        done();
+      });
+
+      child.getLayers().push(layer);
+    });
+
+    it('is not dispatched for layers added to a child group after the child group is removed', (done) => {
+      const child = new LayerGroup();
+      const group = new LayerGroup({
+        layers: [child],
+      });
+
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      group.on('addlayer', (event) => {
+        done(new Error('unexpected addlayer after group removal'));
+      });
+
+      group.getLayers().remove(child);
+      child.getLayers().push(layer);
+
+      setTimeout(done, 10);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('removelayer event', () => {
+    it('is dispatched when a layer is removed', (done) => {
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const group = new LayerGroup({layers: [layer]});
+      group.on('removelayer', (event) => {
+        expect(event.layer).to.be(layer);
+        done();
+      });
+
+      group.getLayers().remove(layer);
+    });
+
+    it('is dispatched when a setLayers is called', (done) => {
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const group = new LayerGroup({layers: [layer]});
+      group.on('removelayer', (event) => {
+        expect(event.layer).to.be(layer);
+        done();
+      });
+
+      group.setLayers(new Collection());
+    });
+
+    it('is dispatched when a layer is removed from a child group', (done) => {
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const child = new LayerGroup({layers: [layer]});
+      const group = new LayerGroup({layers: [child]});
+      group.on('removelayer', (event) => {
+        expect(event.layer).to.be(layer);
+        done();
+      });
+
+      child.getLayers().remove(layer);
+    });
+
+    it('is not dispatched when a layer is removed from a child group after child group removal', (done) => {
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const child = new LayerGroup({layers: [layer]});
+      const group = new LayerGroup({layers: [child]});
+      group.getLayers().remove(child);
+
+      group.on('removelayer', (event) => {
+        done(new Error('unexpected removelayer after group removal'));
+      });
+
+      child.getLayers().remove(layer);
+
+      setTimeout(done, 10);
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('#getLayerState', function () {
     let group;
 
diff --git a/test/browser/spec/ol/layer/layer.test.js b/test/browser/spec/ol/layer/Layer.test.js
similarity index 87%
rename from test/browser/spec/ol/layer/layer.test.js
rename to test/browser/spec/ol/layer/Layer.test.js
index e1ba3fbc1a..03cf12f1e2 100644
--- a/test/browser/spec/ol/layer/layer.test.js
+++ b/test/browser/spec/ol/layer/Layer.test.js
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+import Group from '../../../../../src/ol/layer/Group.js';
 import Layer, {inView} from '../../../../../src/ol/layer/Layer.js';
 import Map from '../../../../../src/ol/Map.js';
+import Property from '../../../../../src/ol/layer/Property.js';
 import RenderEvent from '../../../../../src/ol/render/Event.js';
 import Source from '../../../../../src/ol/source/Source.js';
 import {get as getProjection} from '../../../../../src/ol/proj.js';
 
-describe('ol.layer.Layer', function () {
+describe('ol/layer/Layer', function () {
   describe('constructor (defaults)', function () {
     let layer;
 
@@ -620,6 +622,79 @@ describe('ol.layer.Layer', function () {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('map property', () => {
+    it('is set when a layer is added to a map', () => {
+      const map = new Map({});
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      map.addLayer(layer);
+
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+    });
+
+    it('is set when a layer is added to a map in the constructor', () => {
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const map = new Map({layers: [layer]});
+
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+    });
+
+    it('is set when a layer is added to a group', () => {
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const group = new Group();
+      const map = new Map({});
+      map.addLayer(group);
+      group.getLayers().push(layer);
+
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+    });
+
+    it('is set when a layer is added to a group set in the constructor', () => {
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const group = new Group();
+      const map = new Map({layers: [group]});
+      group.getLayers().push(layer);
+
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+    });
+
+    it('is set when a layer already added to a group set in the constructor', () => {
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const group = new Group({layers: [layer]});
+      const map = new Map({layers: [group]});
+
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+    });
+
+    it('is removed when a layer is removed from the map', () => {
+      const map = new Map({});
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      map.addLayer(layer);
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+
+      map.removeLayer(layer);
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(null);
+    });
+
+    it('is removed when a layer added in the constructor is removed from the map', () => {
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const map = new Map({layers: [layer]});
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+
+      map.removeLayer(layer);
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(null);
+    });
+
+    it('is removed when a layer is removed from a group', () => {
+      const layer = new Layer({});
+      const group = new Group({layers: [layer]});
+      const map = new Map({layers: [group]});
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(map);
+
+      group.getLayers().remove(layer);
+      expect(layer.get(Property.MAP)).to.be(null);
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('#setMap (unmanaged layer)', function () {
     let map;